Significant changes in EEG neural oscillations during different phases of three-dimensional multiple object tracking task (3D-MOT) imply different roles for attention and working memory

TL;DR

This study investigates EEG neural oscillations during different phases of a 3D multiple object tracking task, revealing distinct neural patterns associated with attention and working memory processes.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the neural dynamics of attention and working memory during multi-phase 3D-MOT tasks using EEG analysis.

Findings

Delta and theta inhibition during tracking

Reactivation of delta and theta during recall

Contralateral delay activity observed in identification and recall phases

Abstract

Our ability to track multiple objects in a dynamic environment enables us to perform everyday tasks such as driving, playing team sports, and walking in a crowded mall. Despite more than three decades of literature on multiple object tracking (MOT) tasks, the underlying and intertwined neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we looked at the electroencephalography (EEG) neural correlates and their changes across the three phases of a 3D-MOT task, namely identification, tracking and recall. We recorded the EEG activity of 24 participants while they were performing a 3D-MOT task with either 1, 2 or 3 targets where some trials were lateralized and some were not. We observed what seems to be a handoff between focused attention and working memory processes when going from tracking to recall. Our findings revealed a strong inhibition in delta and theta frequencies from the frontal region during tracking, followed by a strong (re)activation of these same frequencies during recall. Our results also showed contralateral delay activity (CDA) for the lateralized trials, in both the identification and recall phases but not during tracking.