Simplified models of vector $SU(4)$ leptoquarks at the TeV

TL;DR

This paper explores simplified models of vector SU(4) leptoquarks at TeV energies, aiming to explain B-decay anomalies through minimal symmetry breaking and a global fit of relevant observables.

Contribution

It introduces various simplified SU(4) leptoquark models with different symmetry and fermion coupling assumptions, and performs a comprehensive global fit to experimental data.

Findings

Models can accommodate B-decay anomalies within experimental constraints

Minimal U(2)^n_f flavor symmetry breaking is effective

Loop and tree-level observables are consistently explained

Abstract

Assuming confirmation of the anomalies in semi-leptonic $B$-decays, their explanation in terms of the exchange of a massive vector leptoquark field, $U_\mu^a$, of charge 2/3, appears to require the inclusion of $U_\mu^a$ in the vector multiplet of the adjoint of Pati-Salam $SU(4)$, $\mathcal{G}_\mu^A$, as well as the introduction of vector-like fermions, $F_j$, in the fundamental of $SU(4)$. We consider simplified models characterised by the nature of the $SU(4)$ symmetry (global or local), by the number of vector-like fermions, and by the couplings of the Higgs boson to SM fermions (direct or induced by mixing with the vector-like fermions). In all cases, we implement a minimal breaking of a $U(2)^n_f$ flavour symmetry, with a single motivated exception. We then perform a global fit including the main observables sensitive to exchanges of the $\mathcal{G}_\mu^A$ at tree level and in loops dominated by logs insensitive to the UV completion.