Magnetic properties of CrSnS3: A new Van der Waals ferromagnet

TL;DR

CrSnS3 is a newly discovered Van der Waals ferromagnet with a Curie temperature of approximately 119K, exhibiting complex magnetic phase transitions confirmed by susceptibility and magnetization measurements.

Contribution

This paper reports the experimental discovery and characterization of CrSnS3 as a new Van der Waals ferromagnet with the highest Curie temperature among Cr-based materials.

Findings

CrSnS3 has a Curie temperature of ~119K.

It exhibits a first order transition from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic.

It undergoes a transition to an antiferromagnetic state at ~90K.

Abstract

We report an experimental discovery of CrSnS3, a new Van der Waals ferromagnetic (FM) with Curie temperature TC ~119K. The Curie temperature is in qualitative agreement of Chittari et. al. DFT prediction (TC =112.3K) for an Ising model with the addition of Coulomb potential. The FM ordering temperature in CrSnS3 is the highest among Cr-based Van der Waals materials: CrI3, CrSiTe3 and CrGeTe3. The dc-susceptibility revealed a sharp increase at Tc (~119K) indicative of a first order transition; then raises to a wide maximum at AFM Neel temperature TN~90K.The ac-susceptibility reveals the presence of two sharp peaks; one close to Tc (119K) and the other at TN~90K. Ac-susceptibility measurements in an applied dc-magnetic field indicates that CrSnS3 undergoes two successive phase transitions: a sharp increase in the susceptibility indicates a first order PM to FM at 119K, followed by more gradual decrease at the onset of AFM transition at TN~90K. The magnetization isotherms below 30K indicates that the materials orders in an AFM state; while the magnetic isotherms at T >30K rises sharply to its saturated values confirming the ferromagnetic state.