Rogue waves with two different double-periodic wave backgrounds and their modulational instabilities of a fifth-order nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation

TL;DR

This paper derives rogue wave solutions on double-periodic wave backgrounds for a fifth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation, analyzing their modulational instabilities and the effects of higher-order dispersion.

Contribution

It introduces a method to generate rogue wave solutions on double-periodic backgrounds using Darboux transformation and nonlinearization of Lax pair for the fifth-order NLS.

Findings

Rogue waves are generated on double-periodic backgrounds with different eigenvalues.

Differences in rogue wave appearance due to lower and higher-order dispersion terms are demonstrated.

Growth rates of modulational instability are calculated for various elliptic modulus parameters.

Abstract

In this article, we derive rogue wave (RW) solutions of a fifth-order nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation over a double-periodic wave background. Choosing the elliptic functions (combinations of $cn$, $dn$ and $sn$) as seed solutions in the first iteration of Darboux transformation and utilizing the nonlinearization of Lax pair procedure, we create the double-periodic wave background for the fifth-order nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. By introducing the second linearly independent solution, we generate the RW solutions on the created background for three different eigenvalues. We demonstrate the differences that occur in the appearance of RWs due to the lower-order and higher-order dispersions terms. We examine the derived solution in detail for certain system and elliptic modulus parameters values and highlight some interesting features that we obtain from our studies. We also calculate the growth rate for instability of double-periodic solutions under different values of elliptic modulus parameter.