Genetic similarity versus genetic ancestry groups as sample descriptors in human genetics

TL;DR

This paper argues that using 'genetic ancestry groups' as descriptors in human genomics is often imprecise, and that describing genetic similarity directly is more accurate for most applications.

Contribution

It challenges the common practice of labeling groups by ancestry and advocates for using genetic similarity as a clearer, more precise descriptor.

Findings

'Genetic ancestry' terms can be misleading in human genetics.

Genetic similarity provides a more accurate sample descriptor.

The perspective encourages rethinking standard terminology in genomics.

Abstract

A common sample descriptor in human genomics studies is that of 'genetic ancestry group', with terms such as 'European genetic ancestry' or 'East Asian genetic ancestry' frequently used in publications to describe the genetics of groups of individuals based on the analysis of their genotypes. In this Perspective, I argue that these terms are imprecise and potentially misleading and that, for most applications, simple statements of genetic similarity represent a more accurate description.