Maximum size of black holes in our accelerating Universe

TL;DR

This paper derives a tighter upper bound on the size of black holes in an accelerating universe, considering angular momentum, gravitational waves, and matter, with implications for early universe black hole sizes.

Contribution

It extends previous bounds by including additional physical variables, providing a more comprehensive limit on black hole sizes in cosmological settings.

Findings

Tighter upper bounds on black hole sizes in accelerating universe

Inclusion of angular momentum, gravitational waves, and matter in bounds

Relevance of results for early universe black hole sizes

Abstract

In accordance with current models of the accelerating Universe as a spacetime with a positive cosmological constant, new results about a cosmological upper bound for the area of stable marginally outer trapped surfaces are found taking into account angular momentum, gravitational waves and matter. Compared to previous results which take into account only some of the aforementioned variables, the bound is found to be tighter, giving a concrete limit to the size of black holes especially relevant in the early Universe.