Renormalisation of singlet operators to four loops

TL;DR

This paper computes the four-loop renormalisation of singlet operators in QCD, crucial for precise scale evolution of parton distributions, by constructing operator bases and extracting anomalous dimensions.

Contribution

It introduces a method to renormalise singlet operators up to four loops, including ghost and alien operators, improving the accuracy of QCD predictions.

Findings

Constructed ghost and alien operator basis up to 4 loops.

Extracted anomalous dimensions for physical operators at 4 loops.

Provided anomalous dimensions at 3 loops for higher mass-dimension operators.

Abstract

In QCD the anomalous dimensions of gauge invariant operators of twist 2 play a key role, because they control the scale dependence of the parton distribution functions. Notably, the flavour singlet operators, such as those associated to the gluon distribution, mix under renormalisation with a set of unphysical operators, also known as aliens. Missing this effect leads to wrong results already for the two-loop anomalous dimensions. The correct renormalisation of gluonic operators is an important step towards the computation of the scale evolution of flavour singlet parton distributions, which is now required to 4 loops. Leveraging both the background field method and an enhanced BRST symmetry, we construct the required ghost and alien operator basis up to 4 loops for arbitrary mass dimensions. Furthermore, we extract anomalous dimensions at 4 loops, for the physical operators of mass-dimension 4 and 6, and at 3 loops for mass-dimension 8.