Transient superconductivity in three-dimensional Hubbard systems by combining matrix product states and self-consistent mean-field theory

TL;DR

This paper introduces a combined MPS and mean-field approach to model real-time dynamics in 3D Hubbard systems, revealing transient superconductivity during phase transitions from charge-density wave to superconducting states.

Contribution

It develops a novel method integrating matrix product states with self-consistent mean-field theory for large, out-of-equilibrium 3D fermionic systems, enabling extended real-time simulations.

Findings

Transient superconductivity forms during phase transition.

Method allows simulation of larger 3D systems.

Results confirm transient SC in 1D and 3D models.

Abstract

We combine matrix-product state (MPS) and Mean-Field (MF) methods to model the real-time evolution of a three-dimensional (3D) extended Hubbard system formed from one-dimensional (1D) chains arrayed in parallel with weak coupling in-between them. This approach allows us to treat much larger 3D systems of correlated fermions out-of-equilibrium over a much more extended real-time domain than previous numerical approaches. We deploy this technique to study the evolution of the system as its parameters are tuned from a charge-density wave (CDW) phase into the superconducting (SC) regime, which allows us to investigate the formation of transient non-equilibrium SC. In our ansatz, we use MPS solutions for chains as input for a self-consistent time-dependent MF scheme. In this way, the 3D problem is mapped onto an effective 1D Hamiltonian that allows us to use the MPS efficiently to perform the time evolution, and to measure the BCS order parameter as a function of time. Our results confirm previous findings for purely 1D systems that for such a scenario superconductivity forms in a transient state.