Effects of the long-range neutrino-mediated force in atomic phenomena

TL;DR

This paper investigates the potential long-range neutrino-mediated force's effects on atomic phenomena, deriving experimental limits on its strength and comparing them with Standard Model predictions.

Contribution

It provides new constraints on the effective interaction constant for neutrino-mediated forces using various atomic systems, extending previous limits by analyzing spectroscopic data.

Findings

Limits on $G_{eff}$ surpass Fermi constant by many orders of magnitude.

Spectroscopic data approaches Standard Model predictions for neutrino forces.

Constraints on Yukawa-type fifth forces are also derived.

Abstract

As known, electron vacuum polarization by nuclear Coulomb field produces Uehling potential with the range $\hbar/2m_e c$. Similarly, neutrino vacuum polarization by $Z$ boson field produces long range potential $\sim G_F^2/r^5$ with a very large range $\hbar/2m_{\nu}c$. Measurements of macroscopic effects produced by potential $G_{\rm{eff}}^2/r^5$ give limits on the effective interaction constant $G_{\rm{eff}}$ which exceed Fermi constant $G_F$ by many orders of magnitude, while limits from spectroscopy of simple atomic systems are approaching the Standard Model predictions. In the present paper we consider limits on $G_{\rm{eff}}$ from hydrogen, muonium, positronium, deuteron, and molecular hydrogen. Constraints are also obtained on fifth force parameterised by Yukawa-type potential mediated by a scalar particle.