UV And IR Effects On Hawking Radiation

TL;DR

This paper investigates how ultraviolet and infrared effects influence Hawking radiation, revealing that UV cutoffs can suppress radiation and IR effects can significantly alter it through higher-derivative interactions.

Contribution

It demonstrates the sensitivity of Hawking radiation to UV and IR effects, highlighting the impact of higher-derivative interactions and the presence of a UV cutoff on particle emission.

Findings

Hawking radiation is suppressed after the scrambling time with a UV cutoff.

IR effects influence Hawking radiation via a UV/IR connection.

Higher-derivative interactions cause large amplitude particle creation.

Abstract

We study the time-dependence of Hawking radiation for a black hole in the Unruh vacuum, and find that it is not robust against certain UV and IR effects. If there is a UV cutoff at the Planck scale, Hawking radiation is turned off after the scrambling time. In the absence of a UV cutoff, Hawking radiation is sensitive to the IR cutoff through a UV/IR connection due to higher-derivative interactions in the effective theory. Furthermore, higher-derivative interactions with the background contribute to a large amplitude of particle creation that changes Hawking radiation. This unexpected large effect is related to a peculiar feature of the Hawking particle wave packets.