Decentralized Load Management in HAN: An IoT-Assisted Approach

TL;DR

This paper introduces a decentralized IoT-based load management system for Home Area Networks, addressing issues of centralization by enabling appliances to coordinate load control, resulting in significant peak load reduction.

Contribution

It presents a novel decentralized HAN architecture using IoT and Synchronous-Transmission protocols, with a real-time load management strategy implemented on actual devices.

Findings

Up to 62% peak load reduction achieved

Decentralized approach improves system resilience and flexibility

Validated through emulation and real IoT testbeds

Abstract

A Home Area Network (HAN) is considered to be a significant component of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) and has been studied well in many works. It binds all the electrical components installed in a defined premise together for their close monitoring and management. However, HAN has been realized so far mostly as a centralized system. Therefore, like any other centralized system, the traditional realization of HAN also suffers from various well-known problems, such as single-point-of-failure, susceptibility to attacks, requirement of specialized infrastructure, inflexibility to easy expansion, etc. To address these issues, in this work, we propose a decentralized design of HAN. In particular, we propose an IoT based design where instead of a central controller, the overall system operation is controlled and managed through decentralized coordination among the the electrical appliances. We leverage Synchronous-Transmission (ST) based data-sharing protocols in IoT to accomplish our goal. To demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed decentralized framework, we also design a real-time intra-HAN load-management strategy and implement it in real IoT-devices. Evaluation of the same over emulation platforms and IoT testbeds show upto 62% reduction of peak load over a wide variety of load profiles.