Heat and Martin kernel estimates for Schr\"{o}dinger operators with critical Hardy potentials

TL;DR

This paper investigates heat kernel, Martin kernel, and boundary value problems for Schrödinger operators with critical Hardy potentials, establishing key estimates, boundary behavior, and existence results for solutions with measure data.

Contribution

It introduces a new boundary trace concept and provides comprehensive estimates and existence results for Schrödinger operators with critical Hardy potentials.

Findings

Established parabolic boundary Harnack inequalities.

Derived two-sided heat kernel and Green function estimates.

Proved existence and uniqueness of boundary value problems with measure data.

Abstract

Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^N$ with $C^2$ boundary and let $K\subset\partial\Omega$ be either a $C^2$ submanifold of the boundary of codimension $k<N$ or a point. In this article we study various problems related to the Schr\"odinger operator $L_{\mu} =-\Delta - \mu d_K^{-2}$ where $d_K$ denotes the distance to $K$ and $\mu\leq k^2/4$. We establish parabolic boundary Harnack inequalities as well as related two-sided heat kernel and Green function estimates. We construct the associated Martin kernel and prove existence and uniqueness for the corresponding boundary value problem with data given by measures. Next we apply the results to the study of $L_\mu u+g(u) = 0$ and establish existence and uniqueness under suitable assumptions on the function $g$. To prove our results we introduce among other things a suitable notion of boundary trace. This trace is different from the one used by Marcus and Nguyen \cite{MT} thus allowing us to cover the whole range $\mu\leq k^2/4$.