Serving Hybrid-Cloud SQL Interactive Queries at Twitter

TL;DR

This paper describes Twitter's development of a hybrid-cloud SQL federation system that enables scalable, high-availability data queries across data centers and public cloud, handling around 10PB daily.

Contribution

It introduces the design and implementation of a hybrid-cloud SQL federation system tailored for Twitter's large-scale data needs, addressing modern system challenges.

Findings

System processes queries across data centers and cloud

Addresses challenges with key design decisions

Provides lessons learned from deployment and operation

Abstract

The demand for data analytics has been consistently increasing in the past years at Twitter. In order to fulfill the requirements and provide a highly scalable and available query experience, a large-scale in-house SQL system is heavily relied on. Recently, we evolved the SQL system into a hybrid-cloud SQL federation system, compliant with Twitter's Partly Cloudy strategy. The hybrid-cloud SQL federation system is capable of processing queries across Twitter's data centers and the public cloud, interacting with around 10PB of data per day. In this paper, the design of the hybrid-cloud SQL federation system is presented, which consists of query, cluster, and storage federations. We identify challenges in a modern SQL system and demonstrate how our system addresses them with some important design decisions. We also conduct qualitative examinations and summarize instructive lessons learned from the development and operation of such a SQL system.