Testing the consistency of the resonant wave interaction approximation with simulated dynamics of idealized 2D internal wave fields

TL;DR

This study tests the validity of the resonant wave interaction approximation in idealized 2D simulations of internal ocean waves, revealing inconsistencies and highlighting the importance of non-resonant interactions in energy transfer.

Contribution

The paper critically evaluates the assumptions of the resonant wave interaction theory using numerical simulations, challenging its applicability to real oceanic internal wave dynamics.

Findings

Resonant triads often do not significantly contribute to energy transfer.

Many dominant energy transfer interactions do not satisfy resonance conditions.

Slow-amplitude assumptions are inconsistent with simulated dynamics.

Abstract

Nonlinear interaction and breaking of internal ocean waves are responsible for much of the interior ocean mixing, affecting ocean carbon storage and the global overturning circulation. These interactions may affect the observed Garrett-Munk wave energy spectrum, in addition to the recently explored interaction of waves with ocean eddies. According to the resonant wave interaction approximation, that is commonly used to derive the kinetic equation for the energy spectrum, the dominant interactions are between wave triads whose wavevectors satisfy $\mathbf{k}=\mathbf{p}+\mathbf{q}$, and whose frequencies satisfy $\omega_{\mathbf{k}}=|\omega_{\mathbf{p}}\pm\omega_{\mathbf{q}}|$. In order to test the validity of the resonant wave interaction approximation, we examine several analytical derivations of the theory. The assumptions underlying each derivation are tested using idealized direct 2D numerical simulations, representing near-observed energy levels of the oceanic internal wave field. We show that the slow-amplitude assumptions underlying the derivations are inconsistent with the simulated dynamics in this particular set of simulations. In addition, most of the triads satisfying the resonant conditions do not contribute significantly to nonlinear wave energy transfer in our simulations, while some interactions that are dominant in nonlinear energy transfers do not satisfy the resonance conditions. We also point to possible self-consistency issues with some derivations found in the literature.