On atomic state purity operator, degree of state purity and concurrence in the JC and anti-JC models

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new operator to measure atomic state purity in JC and aJC models, linking purity and entanglement through a determinant-based measure and revealing their complementary nature.

Contribution

It defines the state purity operator and mixed state measure, connecting purity, entanglement, and nonclassicality in bipartite quantum systems.

Findings

The mixed state measure is related to the determinant of the reduced density operator.

Purity and concurrence are shown to be complementary quantifiers.

The phase of the purity complex amplitude characterizes the degree of state purity.

Abstract

The state of an atom in a bipartite qubit, Jaynes-Cummings (JC) or anti-Jaynes-Cummings (aJC) interaction is described by a reduced density operator. The purity of the state has been measured by taking the trace of the square of the reduced density operator. In this article, we define the square of the reduced density operator as the state purity operator, composed of a completely pure state part and a completely mixed state part. The coefficient of the completely mixed state part is the mixed state measure, formally obtained as the determinant of the reduced density operator and it is therefore directly related to tangle, the square of concurrence of the bipartite system. Expressed in various equivalent forms, the mixed state measure provides all the characteristic elements of state purity or entanglement, such as eigenvalues of the reduced density operator, nonclassicality measures and a state purity complex amplitude. The argument of the state purity complex amplitude in polar form is the phase of the state purity measure, which defines the degree of purity of the state. We find that the degree of purity and concurrence are complementary quantifiers satisfying a complementarity relation.