Numerical Framework for Semi-Device-Independent Quantum Random Number Generators

TL;DR

This paper develops a numerical framework to analyze the finite-size security and randomness generation rate of semi-device-independent quantum random number generators, enhancing their practical security assessment.

Contribution

It introduces a general numerical approach for finite-size security analysis of semi-DI QRNGs, applicable to various schemes and attacks.

Findings

Provides a secure lower bound for randomness generation rate.

Applies the framework to an optical semi-DI QRNG example.

Enhances the security analysis methodology for semi-DI QRNGs.

Abstract

Quantum random number generator (QRNG) is one of the most widely applied branches in quantum cryptography. Among all QRNG schemes, semi-device-independent (semi-DI) QRNG is quite promising, achieving high randomness generation rate with few assumptions on the devices. For the central task of a QRNG study -- security analysis, numerical approaches become popular for its generality to various semi-DI QRNG schemes. Here we formulate a numerical framework for the finite-size security of general semi-DI QRNGs, which gives a secure lower bound of the finite-size randomness generation rate against general attacks. We consider a simple example of an optical semi-DI QRNG as an application of our framework.