Can the muon anomalous magnetic moment and the $B$ anomalies be simultaneously explained in a minimally extended $Z^{\prime}$ model?

TL;DR

This paper investigates an extended 2HDM with a $U(1)'$ symmetry, analyzing its ability to explain muon $g-2$ and $B$ anomalies simultaneously, and finds it can accommodate muon $g-2$ but not both anomalies together.

Contribution

It introduces a $U(1)'$-extended 2HDM with vectorlike fermions and a singlet scalar, analyzing its compatibility with various experimental constraints and anomalies.

Findings

Muon $g-2$ anomaly can be explained within 2$\sigma$ range.

$R_{K^{*}}$ and muon $g-2$ anomalies cannot be simultaneously explained.

Model satisfies oblique parameters and $W$ mass constraints.

Abstract

We analyze the implications of an extended 2HDM theory in quark masses and mixings, electroweak precision tests, charged lepton flavor violating (CLFV) decays, neutrino trident production, B meson, $g-2$ muon and W anomalies. In the extended 2HDM theory considered in this work, the SM gauge symmetry is enlarged by the local $U(1)^{\prime}$ symmetry, whereas its scalar and fermion sectors are augmented by the inclusion of a gauge singlet scalar and vectorlike fermions, respectively. Within the framework of this model, we determine the allowed ranges of the $Z^{\prime}$ gauge boson mass consistent with the constraints arising from neutrino trident production, $R_{K^{*}}$ anomaly, $B_{s}$ meson oscillation. We conclude the $R_{K^{*}}$ and muon $g-2$ anomalies cannot be simultaneously explained by the same new physics under all the constraints. Besides that, we found that the new physics sources, the $Z^{\prime}$ and non SM scalars cannot be connected via the scalar potential. Furthermore, we have found that the model under consideration can successfully comply with the constraints arising from oblique $T,S,U$ parameters as well as with the $W$ mass and $g-2$ muon anomalies. In particular we found that the muon $g-2$ anomaly, whose dominant contribution arises from the one loop level scalar exchange, can be successfully accommodated within the $2\sigma$ experimentally allowed range.