Disorder-Assisted Assembly of Strongly Correlated Fluids of Light

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a novel method to create strongly correlated quantum fluids of light by combining particle-by-particle assembly with adiabatic disorder removal in a Bose Hubbard circuit, enabling the study of exotic phases.

Contribution

It introduces a new approach to assemble and melt quantum states of light into correlated fluids using disorder-assisted techniques and adiabatic processes.

Findings

Successfully assembled and characterized single-particle states.

Created and observed strongly correlated many-particle fluids.

Measured entanglement and density correlations indicating fluid delocalization and particle avoidance.

Abstract

Guiding many-body systems to desired states is a central challenge of modern quantum science, with applications from quantum computation to many-body physics and quantum-enhanced metrology. Approaches to solving this problem include step-by-step assembly, reservoir engineering to irreversibly pump towards a target state, and adiabatic evolution from a known initial state. Here we construct low-entropy quantum fluids of light in a Bose Hubbard circuit by combining particle-by-particle assembly and adiabatic preparation. We inject individual photons into a disordered lattice where the eigenstates are known & localized, then adiabatically remove this disorder, allowing quantum fluctuations to melt the photons into a fluid. Using our plat-form, we first benchmark this lattice melting technique by building and characterizing arbitrary single-particle-in-a-box states, then assemble multi-particle strongly correlated fluids. Inter-site entanglement measurements performed through single-site tomography indicate that the particles in the fluid delocalize, while two-body density correlation measurements demonstrate that they also avoid one another, revealing Friedel oscillations characteristic of a Tonks-Girardeau gas. This work opens new possibilities for preparation of topological and otherwise exotic phases of synthetic matter.