Spectrum of Large N Glueballs: Holography vs Lattice

TL;DR

This paper compares lattice and holographic predictions for large N glueball spectra, finding good agreement and supporting the universality of these spectra across different gauge theories, including supersymmetric cases.

Contribution

It demonstrates that holographic models reliably predict glueball spectra in large N gauge theories, especially where lattice results are unavailable, highlighting universality across models.

Findings

Lattice and holography agree within 5-8% on mass ratios

Predictions for $2^{++}$ and $1^{--}$ states align with Regge trajectory constraints

Holography provides spectra predictions for supersymmetric theories without lattice data

Abstract

Recently there has been a notable progress in the study of glueball states in lattice gauge theories, in particular extrapolating their spectrum to the limit of large number of colors $N$. In this note we compare the large $N$ lattice results with the holographic predictions, focusing on the Klebanov-Strassler model. We note that glueball spectrum demonstrates approximate universality across a range of gauge theory models. Because of this universality the holographic models can give reliable predictions for the spectrum of pure $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theories with and without supersymmetry. This is especially important for the supersymmetric theories, for which no firm lattice predictions exist yet, and the holographic models remain the most tractable approach. For non-supersymmetric pure $SU(N)$ theories with large $N$ we find an agreement within 5-8% between the lattice and holographic predictions for the mass ratios of the lightest states in various sectors. In particular both lattice and holography give predictions for the $2^{++}$ and $1^{--}$ mass ratio, consistent with the known constraints on the pomeron and odderon Regge trajectories.