Defect detection in glass fabric reinforced thermoplastics by laboratory-based X-ray scattering

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that X-ray scattering using the edge-illumination principle can reliably detect local fiber shift defects in glass fabric reinforced thermoplastics, aiding manufacturing quality control.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel application of X-ray scattering for defect detection in GFRT materials, focusing on local fiber shifts during production.

Findings

X-ray scattering detects fiber shifts reliably.

Edge-illumination enhances defect visibility.

Potential for improved manufacturing monitoring.

Abstract

Glass fabric reinforced thermoplastic (GFRT) constitutes a class of composite materials that are especially suited for automobile construction due to their combination of low weight, ease of production and mechanical properties. However, in the manufacturing process, during forming of prefabricated laminates, defects in the glass fabric as well as in the polymer matrix can occur, which may compromise the safety or the lifetime of components. Thus, the detection of defects in GFRTs for production monitoring and a deep understanding of defect formation/evolution is essential for mass production. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that a certain type of defects (i.e., local fiber shifts), can be detected reliably by X-ray scattering based on the edge-illumination principle.