The Novel Scaling of Tsallis Parameters from the Transverse Momentum Spectra of Charged Particles in Heavy-Ion Collisions

TL;DR

This paper analyzes transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in heavy-ion collisions using Tsallis thermodynamics, revealing a new scaling relation between temperature and collision energy across various systems and energies.

Contribution

It introduces a novel scaling between the temperature-to-logarithm of collision energy ratio and the nonextensive parameter q in heavy-ion collisions.

Findings

Tsallis distribution describes experimental data well across systems and energies.

A new scaling law between T/ln(s) and q is proposed.

The study discusses energy and centrality dependence of Tsallis parameters.

Abstract

The transverse momentum $(p_T)$ spectra of charged particles measured in Au + Au collisions from the beam energy scan (BES) program, Cu + Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=62.4$, 200 GeV at the RHIC and Pb + Pb, Xe + Xe collisions at the LHC are investigated in the framework of Tsallis thermodynamics. The theory can describe the experimental data well for all the collision systems, energies and centralities investigated. The collision energy and centrality dependence of the Tsallis distribution parameters, i.e., the temperature $T$ and the nonextensive parameter $q$, for the \mbox{A + A} collisions are also studied and discussed. A novel scaling between the temperature divided by the natural logarithm of collision energy $(T/\ln\sqrt{s})$ and the nonextensive parameter $q$ is presented.