$C^*$-subproduct and product systems

TL;DR

This paper develops the theory of two-parameter $C^*$-subproduct and product systems, establishing dilation results, and connecting algebraic structures with Hilbert space systems via co-units and the GNS construction.

Contribution

It introduces and analyzes $C^*$-subproduct systems, showing they can be dilated to $C^*$-product systems and linked to Hilbert space systems through co-units.

Findings

Any $C^*$-subproduct system can be dilated to a $C^*$-product system.

Subproduct systems with units can form $C^*$-algebras with comultiplication-like maps.

Co-units correspond to idempotent states, linking algebraic and Hilbert space frameworks.

Abstract

We introduce and study two-parameter subproduct and product systems of $C^*$-algebras as the operator-algebraic analogues of, and in relation to, Tsirelson's two-parameter product systems of Hilbert spaces. Using several inductive limit techniques, we show that (i) any $C^*$-subproduct system can be dilated to a $C^*$-product system; and (ii) any $C^*$-subproduct system that admis a unit, i.e., a co-multiplicative family of projections, can be assembled into a $C^*$-algebra, which comes equipped with a one-parameter family of comultiplication-like homomorphisms. We also introduce and discuss co-units of $C^*$-subproduct systems, consisting of co-multiplicative families of states, and show that they correspond to idempotent states of the associated $C^*$-algebras. We then use the GNS construction to obtain Tsirelson subproduct systems of Hilbert spaces from co-units, and describe the relationship between the dilation of a $C^*$-suproduct system and the dilation of the Tsirelson subproduct system of Hilbert spaces associated with a co-unit. All these results are illustrated concretely at the level of $C^*$-subproduct systems of commutative $C^*$-algebras.