Propagation of Measurement and Model Uncertainties through Multiline TRL Calibration

TL;DR

This paper introduces a linear uncertainty propagation method for multiline TRL calibration that aligns with ISO standards and matches Monte Carlo simulation accuracy but with greater efficiency.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel linear uncertainty propagation approach for multiline TRL calibration that is compliant with ISO GUM and computationally more efficient than Monte Carlo methods.

Findings

LU method matches MC uncertainty results

LU method is more computationally efficient

Method complies with ISO GUM standards

Abstract

In this work, we present a linear uncertainty (LU) propagation treatment of measurement and model uncertainties in multiline thru-reflect-line (TRL) calibration. The proposed method is in accordance with the ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). We demonstrate with numerical simulation based on the Monte Carlo (MC) method that our proposed LU method delivers identical uncertainty as the MC method but in a more efficient way.