Spectral Energy Distributions in Three Deep-Drilling Fields of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time: Source Classification and Galaxy Properties

TL;DR

This study constructs extensive spectral energy distribution catalogs for three deep-drilling fields of LSST, deriving galaxy properties and identifying AGN candidates to enhance future astronomical research.

Contribution

It provides the first large-scale, multi-wavelength SED fitting catalog for W-CDF-S, ELAIS-S1, and XMM-LSS fields, including AGN candidate identification and calibration.

Findings

Catalogs include 2.8 million sources across 13.3 deg^2.

Identification of AGN candidates with detailed SED fitting.

Calibration against smaller well-studied regions confirms reliability.

Abstract

W-CDF-S, ELAIS-S1, and XMM-LSS will be three Deep-Drilling Fields (DDFs) of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), but their extensive multi-wavelength data have not been fully utilized as done in the COSMOS field, another LSST DDF. To prepare for future science, we fit source spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from X-ray to far-infrared in these three fields mainly to derive galaxy stellar masses and star-formation rates. We use CIGALE v2022.0, a code that has been regularly developed and evaluated, for the SED fitting. Our catalog includes 0.8 million sources covering $4.9~\mathrm{deg^2}$ in W-CDF-S, 0.8 million sources covering $3.4~\mathrm{deg^2}$ in ELAIS-S1, and 1.2 million sources covering $4.9~\mathrm{deg^2}$ in XMM-LSS. Besides fitting normal galaxies, we also select candidates that may host active galactic nuclei (AGNs) or are experiencing recent star-formation variations and use models specifically designed for these sources to fit their SEDs; this increases the utility of our catalog for various projects in the future. We calibrate our measurements by comparison with those in well-studied smaller regions and briefly discuss the implications of our results. We also perform detailed tests of the completeness and purity of SED-selected AGNs. Our data can be retrieved from a public website.