$D$-wave excited $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquark states with $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ and $1^{+-}$

TL;DR

This paper investigates D-wave excited $csar{c}ar{s}$ tetraquark states with specific quantum numbers using QCD sum rules, proposing interpretations for the $X(4685)$ resonance and predicting mass hierarchies for these exotic states.

Contribution

It provides a novel analysis of D-wave $csar{c}ar{s}$ tetraquark states with detailed excitation structures and supports interpreting the $X(4685)$ as a D-wave tetraquark, offering mass relations and search suggestions.

Findings

Supports $X(4685)$ as a D-wave $csar{c}ar{s}$ tetraquark

Provides mass hierarchy relations for D-wave tetraquarks

Suggests experimental channels for searching these states

Abstract

We study the mass spectra of D-wave excited $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquark states with $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ and $1^{+-}$ in both symmetric $\mathbf{6}_{cs}\otimes\bar{\mathbf{6}}_{\bar{c}\bar{s}}$ and antisymmetric $\bar{\mathbf{3}}_{cs}\otimes\mathbf{3}_{\bar{c}\bar{s}}$ color configurations by using the QCD sum rule method. We construct the D-wave diquark-antidiquark type of $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquark interpolating currents in various excitation structures with $(L_\lambda,L_\rho\{l_{\rho_1},l_{\rho_2}\})=(2,0\{0,0\}),(1,1\{1,0\}),(1,1\{0,1\}),(0,2\{1,1\}),(0,2\{2,0\}),(0,2\{0,2\})$. Our results support to interpret the recently observed $X(4685)$ resonance as a D-wave $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquark state with $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ in the $(2,0\{0,0\})$ or $(0,2\{2,0\})$ excitation mode, although some other possible excitation structures cannot be excluded exhaustively within theoretical errors. Moreover, our results provide a mass relation $6_{\rho\rho}<3_{\lambda\lambda}<3_{\lambda\rho}<3_{\rho\rho}$ and $6_{\rho\rho}<3_{\lambda\lambda}<6_{\lambda\lambda}<3_{\rho\rho}$ for the positive and negative $\mathbb{C}$-parity D-wave $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquarks, respectively. We suggest searching for these possible D-wave $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ tetraquarks in both the hidden-charm channels $J/\psi\phi$, $\eta_c\phi$ and open-charm channels such as $D_s\bar{D}_s^*$, $D_{s}\bar{D}_{s1}^*$ and so on.