A Single Particle Model with Electrolyte and Side Reactions for degradation of lithium-ion batteries

TL;DR

This paper introduces a simplified yet accurate electrochemical model for lithium-ion battery degradation, enabling practical applications and extensions to include various degradation mechanisms.

Contribution

The paper presents a formally derived reduced model from the Doyle-Fuller-Newman model that incorporates electrolyte and side reactions for battery degradation prediction.

Findings

The reduced model accurately predicts degradation phenomena.

Validation shows similar accuracy to full models with lower computational cost.

Framework allows extension to additional degradation effects.

Abstract

Battery degradation, which is the reduction of performance over time, is one of the main roadblocks to the wide deployment of lithium-ion batteries. Physics-based models, such as those based on the Doyle-Fuller-Newman model, are invaluable tools to understand and predict such phenomena. However, these models are often too complex for practical applications, so reduced models are needed. In this article we introduce the Single Particle Model with electrolyte and Side Reactions, a reduced model with electrochemical degradation which has been formally derived from the Doyle-Fuller-Newman model with Side Reactions using asymptotic methods. The reduced model has been validated against the full model for three scenarios (solid-electrolyte interphase growth, lithium plating, and both effects combined) showing similar accuracy at a much lower computational cost. The implications of the results are twofold: the reduced model is simple and accurate enough to be used in most real practical applications, and the reduction framework used is robust so it can be extended to account for further degradation effects.