Large anomalous unidirectional magnetoresistance in a single ferromagnetic layer

TL;DR

This paper reports a large anomalous unidirectional magnetoresistance (AUMR) in a single ferromagnetic layer, enabling easier detection of in-plane magnetization without complex structures or lock-in amplifiers, with potential applications in spintronics.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel AUMR effect in a single CoFeB layer, significantly larger than previous interfacial UMR, and demonstrates its origin from self-generated spin accumulation interacting with magnetization.

Findings

AUMR signal is about 10 times larger than in bilayer structures.

AUMR can be detected with simple dc multimeters, no lock-in needed.

Reversal signs of AUMR in different materials indicate origin from spin accumulation interactions.

Abstract

Unidirectional magnetoresistance (UMR) in a ferromagnetic bilayer due to the spin Hall effects (SHEs) provides a facile means of probing in-plane magnetization to avoid complex magnetic tunnel junctions. However, the UMR signal is very weak and usually requires a lock-in amplifier for detection even in the bilayer involving Ta or Pt with a large spin Hall angle (SHA). Here we report a type of UMR, termed as the anomalous UMR (AUMR), in a single CoFeB layer without any adjacent SHE layers, where the UMR signal is about 10 times larger than that in Ta/CoFeB structures and can be detected by using conventional dc multimeters in the absence of lock-in amplifiers. We further demonstrate that the extracted AUMR by excluding thermal contributions shows reversal signs for the CoFeB and NiFe single layers with opposite SHAs, indicating that the AUMR may originate from the self-generated spin accumulation interacting with magnetization through the giant magnetoresistance-like mechanism. These results suggest that the AUMR contributes UMR signals larger than the interfacial spin Hall UMR in the CoFeB-involved systems, providing a convenient and reliable approach to detect in-plane magnetization for the two-terminal spintronic devices.