Pair production in inhomogeneous electric fields with phase modulation

TL;DR

This paper studies electron-positron pair production in inhomogeneous electric fields with phase modulation, revealing how modulation parameters influence interference effects, particle number, and spectral symmetry, with implications for optimizing pair production.

Contribution

It introduces the effects of phase modulation parameters on pair production in inhomogeneous fields, highlighting optimal modulation and multiple parameter sets for desired particle numbers.

Findings

Momentum spectrum is sensitive to phase modulation amplitude and frequency.

Strong modulation enhances interference effects and particle number.

Spatial scale affects particle production, increasing at small scales.

Abstract

Electron-positron pair production is investigated in spatial inhomogeneous electric fields with high or/and low central frequency as well as sinusoidal phase modulation. It is found that the momentum spectrum (the reduced particle number) is more sensitive to the modulated amplitude (modulated frequency) of the phase. The stronger the modulation parameters are applied, the more remarkable the interference effect in momentum spectrum occur. In particular, for high central frequency field, an extremely good symmetry in momentum spectrum is found while it is destroyed severely when the modulated amplitude becomes large. The reduced particle number can be also enhanced greatly at about a few times or/and one order by the modulation parameters. Moreover, the effect of spatial scales on the reduced particle number are examined carefully and found that it increases rapidly at small spatial scales, while it tends to be a constant at large spatial scales. Two interesting features are revealed for the reduced particle number, i.e., the optimal modulation parameters are found and the same particle number can be got through different set of modulation parameters. The latter findings is important because one can choose different ways of phase modulation to realize the required pair number even if for the optimal pair production.