On the relation of host properties and environment of AGN galaxies across the standard optical diagnostic diagram

TL;DR

This study investigates how the properties and environments of AGN host galaxies vary across the optical diagnostic diagram, revealing correlations with morphology, local density, and evolutionary stage.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the relationship between AGN host properties, environment, and their position on the BPT diagram, considering different galaxy classifications.

Findings

Morphological evolution correlates with distance from the star-forming sequence.

Environmental density shows stronger relation for Composite and Spiral galaxies.

AGN host properties vary with position on the diagnostic diagram, but environment influence is limited.

Abstract

We study the host properties and environment of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) galaxies, taken from SDSS-DR12, across the $\text{[O III]}/\text{H}\beta$ vs $\text{[N II]}/\text{H}\alpha$ diagnostic diagram. We select AGN subsamples defined as parallel and perpendicular to the star-forming locus on the BPT diagram based on the Kauffmann et al. and Schawinski et al. criteria. For parallel subsamples we find that AGN host properties exhibit a morphological evolution as they become more distant to the star-forming sequence. The local density environment shows a more evident morphology-density relationship for subsamples mainly formed by Composite and Spiral galaxies than those containing LINERs and Seyferts, where the AGN emission is the dominant source. We also analyse the properties of the five closest AGN neighbours observing no significant differences in the environment, although the AGN host properties of every subsample have noticeable variations. The AGNs belonging to perpendicular subsamples show clear differences on their host properties from left top to right bottom on the diagram. However, the analysis of the local density environment do not reflect strong dependency with the host AGN properties. This result is reinforced by the characteristics of the AGN neighbouring galaxies. These findings suggest that mixed AGN/star-forming galaxies present environmental features more similar to that of non-active galaxies. However, as AGNs at the centre of the more evolved galaxies become the dominant source, the environment tends to provide suitable conditions for the central black hole feeding with an increasing content of gas and likelihood of a higher merger rate.