The Evolution of Competitiveness across Economic, Innovation and Knowledge production activities
Aurelio Patelli, Lorenzo Napolitano, Giulio Cimini, Emanuele, Pugliese, Andrea Gabrielli

TL;DR
This paper examines how countries' competitiveness evolves across economic, innovation, and knowledge activities, revealing a trend towards specialization and the impact of collaboration on resource allocation and development.
Contribution
It introduces a nestedness-based analysis of competitiveness across multiple activity layers, highlighting the trade-offs and collaborative effects influencing national development.
Findings
Competitiveness correlates with diversification in innovation and trade layers.
Scientific domains show increased modularity with developed nations focusing on complex fields.
Collaboration reduces the need for competitiveness in less sophisticated scientific areas.
Abstract
The evolution of economic and innovation systems at the national scale is shaped by a complex dynamics, the footprint of which is the nested structure of the activities in which different countries are competitive. Nestedness is a persistent feature across multiple kinds (layers) of activities related to the production of knowledge and goods: scientific research, technological innovation, industrial production and trade. We observe that in the layers of innovation and trade the competitiveness of countries correlates unambiguously with their diversification, while the science layer displays some peculiar feature. The evolution of scientific domains leads to an increasingly modular structure, in which the most developed nations become less competitive in the less advanced scientific domains, where they are replaced by the emerging countries. This observation is in line with a…
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Taxonomy
TopicsEconomic and Technological Innovation · Innovation and Knowledge Management · Global Trade and Competitiveness
