Bidiagonal decompositions and total positivity of some special matrices

TL;DR

This paper provides explicit bidiagonal decompositions for a class of matrices related to total nonnegativity and explores their total positivity properties, including for Hadamard powers of mean matrices.

Contribution

It introduces a new explicit bidiagonal decomposition for matrices of the form [1+x_i y_j], extending Neville decomposition concepts.

Findings

Explicit bidiagonal decomposition for matrix S

Bidiagonal decomposition for matrix powers S^{ extcircled m}

Total positivity analysis of Hadamard powers of mean matrices

Abstract

The matrix $S = [1+x_i y_j]_{i,j=1}^{n}, 0<x_1<\cdots<x_n,\, 0<y_1<\cdots<y_n$, has gained importance lately due to its role in powers preserving total nonnegativity. We give an explicit decomposition of $S$ in terms of elementary bidiagonal matrices, which is analogous to the Neville decomposition. We give a bidiagonal decomposition of $S^{\circ m}=[(1+x_iy_j)^m]$ for positive integers $1\leq m \leq n-1$. We also explore the total positivity of Hadamard powers of another important class of matrices called mean matrices.