A new coupled three-form dark energy model and implications for the $H_0$ tension

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new coupled three-form dark energy model aimed at addressing the Hubble tension, analyzing its dynamical properties and comparing its predictions with observational data, but it does not fully resolve the tension.

Contribution

The paper develops a novel coupled three-form dark energy model and performs a dynamical analysis and observational confrontation to explore its implications for the Hubble tension.

Findings

The model has four fixed points including radiation and matter dominated states.

The best-fit H0 for the model is 67.8 km/s/Mpc, similar to ΛCDM.

Both models remain in significant tension with local H0 measurements.

Abstract

We propose a new coupled three-form dark energy model to relieve the Hubble tension in this paper. Firstly, by performing a dynamical analysis with the coupled three-form dark energy model, we obtain four fixed points, including a saddle point representing a radiation dominated Universe, a saddle point representing a matter dominated Universe, and two attractors representing two saturated de Sitter Universes. Secondly, by confronting the coupled three-form dark energy model and the $\Lambda$ cold dark matter model (the $\Lambda$CDM model) with cosmic microwave background (CMB), baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO), Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) observations, we obtain $H_0= 67.8_{-0.6}^{+0.7}$($1\sigma$ level) km/s/Mpc for the coupled three-form dark energy model and $H_0=67.6_{-0.5}^{+0.5}$($1\sigma$ level) km/s/Mpc for the $\Lambda$CDM model, the former is in strong tension with the latest local measured $H_0$ value at $4.3\sigma$ confidence level, while the latter is in strong tension with the latest local measured $H_0$ value at $5.1\sigma$ level.