Three-state coherent control using narrowband and passband sequences

TL;DR

This paper introduces a universal design for three-state composite pulse sequences that enable precise population transfer with minimal leakage, robust to errors and waveform inaccuracies, applicable in quantum control.

Contribution

It presents a comprehensive, adaptable method for designing narrowband and passband sequences using all state dynamics, with two modulation techniques for error tolerance and profile shaping.

Findings

Sequences achieve high fidelity population transfer.

Robust against waveform inaccuracies and detuning errors.

Effective even beyond the rotating wave approximation.

Abstract

In this work, we propose a comprehensive design for narrowband and passband composite pulse sequences by involving the dynamics of all states in the three-state system. The design is quite universal as all pulse parameters can be freely employed to modify the coefficients of error terms. Two modulation techniques, the strength and phase modulations, are used to achieve arbitrary population transfer with a desired excitation profile, while the system keeps minimal leakage to the third state. Furthermore, the current sequences are capable of tolerating inaccurate waveforms, detunings errors, and work well when rotating wave approximation is not strictly justified. Therefore, this work provides versatile adaptability for shaping various excitation profiles in both narrowband and passband sequences.