Design of an embedded system with on-demand image capturing and transmission for remote agricultural monitoring

TL;DR

This paper presents the design of an LTE Cat-M1 embedded system with on-demand image capturing and transmission, utilizing MQTT protocol for efficient wireless communication in remote agricultural monitoring.

Contribution

It introduces a hardware and firmware design for a low-overhead, cellular-connected embedded system and a cloud-based web application for remote image transmission in agriculture.

Findings

Successful implementation of LTE Cat-M1 system for remote image capture

MQTT protocol effectively reduces data overhead for transmission

Deployment to production environment feasible with further refinements

Abstract

The ability to visually verify some element of a remotely controlled agricultural automation system through a photograph is valuable in many cases, not only in the operational phase of the system, but especially in the design and implementation phases. Owing to the remote location of many of the application sites, cellular technology is one enabling medium through which wireless transmission of the photographs could be realized. As data usage is a concern for systems using cellular technology, MQTT chosen over other protocols due to its lower message-to-header overhead. This paper outlines the hardware and firmware design of the LTE Cat-M1 enabled embedded system and the backend web development of the cloud-based web application to facilitate the receiving of the photograph. A satisfactory degree of implementation success was achieved in this project, with deployment to a production environment possible after further refinements.