Robust quantum entanglement and teleportation in the tetrapartite spin-1/2 square clusters: Theoretical study on the effect of a cyclic four-spin exchange

TL;DR

This theoretical study investigates how cyclic four-spin exchange influences entanglement and teleportation in a tetranuclear spin-1/2 square cluster, revealing conditions for maximal entanglement and the impact of exchange interactions.

Contribution

It provides a rigorous analysis of entanglement measures in a Heisenberg model with cyclic four-spin exchange, highlighting how this interaction affects entanglement properties.

Findings

Cyclic four-spin exchange enhances overall entanglement.

Maximum bipartite entanglement occurs at high temperature and magnetic field.

Entanglement is sensitive to cyclic four-spin exchange even at small magnitudes.

Abstract

The whole entanglement measure so-called geometric $\Pi_4$ average of tangles and bipartite entanglement of the antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 XXX Heisenberg model on a tetranuclear square cluster with cyclic four-spin interaction are rigorously examined by the help of thermal negativities. The model comprises two nearest-neighbor exchange couplings $J_1$ and $J_2$ such that $J_1\gg J_2$. When the cyclic four-spin exchange is zero, the maximum value of whole entanglement $\Pi_4$ is achieved at low enough temperatures and relatively high magnetic fields $(B\approx J_1)$. Also, maximum bipartite entanglement between pair spins with exchange coupling $J_1$ is achievable at high temperature and high magnetic field. This quantity remains alive for sufficiently high temperature and high magnetic field values comparable with the relevant exchange coupling $J_1$. A nonzero value of the cyclic four-spin exchange notably enhances the degree of the whole entanglement, while it weakens the bipartite entanglement degree. We demonstrate that the whole entanglement reaches an unconventional minimum at a special parameter region of cyclic four-spin exchange almost ten order of magnitude smaller than $J_1$, where the system is in a quantum antiferromagnetic state. The real complex $[\text{Cu}_4\text{L}_4(\text{H}_2\text{O})_4](\text{ClO}_4)_4$ as a strong antiferromagnetic tetranuclear square compound provides us an experimental representative to estimate the strength of the whole and bipartite entanglements at high enough temperature. It is demonstrated that the entanglement negativities of this complex are yet depend on the considered cyclic four-spin interaction even though its magnitude is significantly smaller than $J_1$.