Highly tunable spin Hall magnetoresistance in room-temperature magnetoelectric multiferroic, $\text{Sr}_{3}\text{Co}_{2}\text{Fe}_{24}\text{O}_{41}|$Pt hybrids

TL;DR

This study demonstrates highly tunable spin Hall magnetoresistance in a room-temperature multiferroic heterostructure, revealing magnetic field-dependent sign reversal and potential for advanced spintronic applications.

Contribution

We report the first detailed investigation of field-tunable SMR in a room-temperature multiferroic heterostructure, showing controllable sign reversal linked to magnetic cone tilting.

Findings

SMR sign reverses from negative to positive with increasing magnetic field.

Magnetic configuration modeling explains SMR behavior and cone tilting effects.

LSSE signal correlates with magnetization and exhibits similar field dependence.

Abstract

We present spin transport studies on a low-field, room-temperature magnetoelectric multiferroic polycrystalline $\text{Sr}_{3}\text{Co}_{2}\text{Fe}_{24}\text{O}_{41}$ (SCFO)|Pt heterostructure wherein a highly tunable transverse conical magnetic phase is responsible for static and dynamic magnetoelectric coupling. We measured angular dependence of spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) at constant magnetic fields ($H$) in the range of 50 to 100 kOe. Application of field below the critical value (2.5 kOe), yielded negative SMR and the $H$-evolution of normalized SMR exhibited a negative gradient. Further, an increase in the $H$ resulted in the positive slope of normalized SMR Vs. $H$ and later at higher $H$ around 14 kOe, a crossover from negative to positive SMR was observed. We employed a simple model for estimating the equilibrium magnetic configuration and computed the SMR modulation at various values of $H$. We argue that the tilting of the cone is dominant and in turn responsible for the observed nature of SMR below 2.5 kOe while, the closing of the cone-angle is pronounced at higher fields causing a reversal in sign of the SMR from negative to positive. Importantly, SMR experiments revealed that a change in the helicity with a reversal of the magnetic field has no influence on the observed SMR. Longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE) signal was measured to be 500 nV at 280 K, under application of thermal gradient, $\Delta T = 23$ K and field, 60 kOe. The observed LSSE signal, originating from pure magnon spin current, showed a similar $H$-dependent behavior as that of the magnetization of SCFO. Our detailed spin transport studies on polycrystalline SCFO|Pt heterostructure demonstrate high tunability of the amplitude and the sign of the SMR, highlighting its potential for novel spintronic devices such as SMR-based spin valves and voltage-controlled spin transport devices.