At the heart of baryonic matter the ARBUZ model favored by recent hadron form factor data

TL;DR

This paper interprets electromagnetic form factor data of baryons within a generalized internal structure model, revealing insights into baryon substructure at extremely small scales and short times, favoring the ARBUZ model.

Contribution

It introduces the ARBUZ model as a favored explanation for baryon structure, integrating space-like and time-like form factor data to reveal sub-femtometer and femtosecond internal dynamics.

Findings

Proton electric form factor does not cross zero in space-like region.

Data indicates dominance of quark-diquark structure in certain time ranges.

Insights into baryon structure at scales 100 times smaller than baryon size.

Abstract

Data on electromagnetic form factors of proton, neutron, and $\Lambda$ from annihilation and scattering reactions are collected and interpreted in the frame of a generalized picture of the internal structure of baryons which holds in space-like and time-like regions. It is shown that these data give an insight of the space structure of the baryon for distances one hundred times smaller than the baryon size and, in the time-like region, a vision of the time evolution of the hadronic matter for times up to $10^{-25}$~s, that is two orders of magnitude shorter than the time taken by the light to cross the volume of a proton. In the proposed interpretation, the electric form factor of the proton in the space-like region can not cross zero, but vanishes or stays very small, as an extrapolation of the data seems to show. In the time-like region specific structures appearing in the data give evidence of the dominance of the quark-diquark structure in a specific range of time of the evolution of the system.