IEC-61850 Performance Evaluation in a 5G Cellular Network: UDP and TCP Analysis

TL;DR

This study evaluates IEC-61850 communication protocols over 5G networks in a microgrid, finding TCP more suitable than UDP for most applications due to performance considerations.

Contribution

It provides an empirical performance analysis of IEC-61850 protocols over 5G, highlighting the suitability of TCP for microgrid communication.

Findings

TCP protocols perform well in 5G microgrid scenarios

UDP shows constraints with multiple access and SINR issues

TCP is more suitable than UDP for IEC-61850 in this context

Abstract

This chapter summarizes the results obtained from a test bed, which is composed of a microgrid and a wireless network, both relying on real and practical premises. This test bed aims to evaluate application protocols considered in the transport layer of the standard IEC-61850. The application is a data gathering system, where IEC-61850 messages are transmitted from and between different elements in a microgrid system, such as IED, publishers, and subscribers, which are node elements that are part of the utility grid. The standard IEC-61850 defines many protocols, such as SV, GOOSE, and MMS, each of them with a variety of requirements and sharing similar transport communication protocols, such as TCP and UDP. Hence, a testing framework is used in the test bed in order to evaluate the performance of these protocols aiming to enable the communication in a real microgrid deployment. The IEC-61850 messages transported by TCP or UDP are transmitted to a centralized location, where a local database stores the information under different test scenarios and using different transmission sample times. The overall results are promising and indicate that the protocols based on TCP in combination with a 5G cellular network architecture would be suitable for most applications within the studied microgrid case. In the case of UDP, the performance indicated some specific constraints related to the multiple access nature of simultaneous transmissions and also based on the SINR.