Simultaneous Multi-User MIMO Communications and Multi-Target Tracking with Full Duplex Radios

TL;DR

This paper introduces a full duplex massive MIMO system that jointly performs multi-user communication and multi-target radar tracking, optimizing beamformers for enhanced accuracy and data rates at millimeter wave frequencies.

Contribution

It proposes a novel integrated sensing and communication system with a joint beamforming and interference cancellation design for simultaneous radar and data transmission.

Findings

High radar tracking accuracy demonstrated in simulations

Increased sum rate compared to benchmark schemes

Effective joint optimization of beamformers and SI cancellation

Abstract

In this paper, we present an Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) system enabled by in-band Full Duplex (FD) radios, where a massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) base station equipped with hybrid Analog and Digital (A/D) beamformers is communicating with multiple DownLink (DL) users, and simultaneously estimates via the same signaling waveforms the Direction of Arrival (DoA) as well as the range of radar targets randomly distributed within its coverage area. Capitalizing on a recent reduced-complexity FD hybrid A/D beamforming architecture, we devise a joint radar target tracking and DL data transmission protocol. An optimization framework for the joint design of the massive A/D beamformers and the Self-Interference (SI) cancellation unit, with the dual objective of maximizing the radar tracking accuracy and DL communication performance, is presented. Our simulation results at millimeter wave frequencies using 5G NR wideband waveforms, showcase the accuracy of the radar target tracking performance of the proposed system, which simultaneously offers increased sum rate compared with benchmark schemes.