Quantum Coherent Route to Bath Induced Entanglement

TL;DR

This paper proposes a method to generate transient entanglement between circularly polarized photons in a micromaser by exploiting quantum coherence in pump atoms, mediated through a shared non-equilibrium environment.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized micromaser model with coherent three-level atoms and derives the master equation, revealing bath-induced entanglement between photons.

Findings

Transient entanglement occurs in the micromaser system.

Quantum coherence in pump atoms mediates photon entanglement.

Cavity losses affect the degree of entanglement.

Abstract

The micromaser is an archetype experimental setting where a beam of excited two-level atoms is injected into a high-finesse cavity. It has played a pivotal role as a testbed for predictions of quantum optics. We consider a generalized micromaser setting consisting of high-quality cavity pumped by a beam of three-level atoms. The atoms are assumed to be prepared to carry quantum coherence between their excited state doublet. Our objective is to produce quantum entanglement between the right-handed circular (RHC) and left-handed circular (LHC) polarized photons in the cavity, exploiting the quantum coherence in the pump atoms. For that aim, we derive the generalized micromaser master equation for our system. We find that the dynamics of the micromaser field driven by the pump beam is equivalent to two non-interacting RHC and LHC photonis systems sharing a common non-equilibrium environment. The effect of the shared bath is to mediate an incoherent interaction between the otherwise non-interacting cavity photons, which emerges only if the atoms carry quantum coherence. We take into account cavity losses as a source of quantum decoherence and characterize the quantum entanglement between the LHC and RHC polarized photons in terms of logarithmic negativity, calculated using the dynamical solution of the master equation. Our reseults reveal that while there is no steady-state entanglement, LHC and RHC polarzied photons can be entangled in the transient regime.