Using Time-Varying Systems to Challenge Fundamental Limitations in Electromagnetics

TL;DR

This paper reviews how time-varying electromagnetic systems can surpass traditional performance limits, offering new opportunities for device design and future technological advancements.

Contribution

It provides a systematic overview of recent research demonstrating how dynamic systems can challenge established electromagnetic performance bounds.

Findings

Time-varying systems can overcome classical bounds like Bode-Fano and Chu limits.

Recent research shows potential for designing more efficient electromagnetic devices.

The study highlights new opportunities enabled by dynamic electromagnetic systems.

Abstract

Time-varying systems open intriguing opportunities to explore novel approaches in the design of efficient electromagnetic devices. While such explorations date back to more than half a century ago, recent years have experienced a renewed and increased interest into the design of dynamic electromagnetic systems. This resurgence has been partly fueled by the desire to surpass the performance of conventional devices, and to enable systems that can challenge various well-established performance bounds, such as the Bode-Fano limit, the Chu limit, and others. Here, we overview this emerging research area and provide a concise and systematic summary of the most relevant applications for which the relevant performance bounds can be overcome through time-varying elements. In addition to enabling devices with superior performance metrics, such research endeavors may open entirely new opportunities and offer insight towards future electromagnetic and optical technologies.