Transparent Josephson Junctions in Higher-Order Topological Insulator WTe2 via Pd Diffusion

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that palladium diffuses into WTe2, forming superconducting PdTe_x contacts with atomically sharp interfaces, enabling high-transparency Josephson junctions crucial for topological superconductivity research.

Contribution

It reveals the diffusion mechanism of Pd into WTe2 and the formation of superconducting PdTe_x, providing a novel method for creating transparent contacts to topological insulators.

Findings

Pd diffuses into WTe2 forming superconducting PdTe_x

The interface between PdTe_x and WTe2 is atomically sharp

Superconducting contacts enable high-quality Josephson junctions

Abstract

Highly transparent superconducting contacts to a topological insulator (TI) remain a persistent challenge on the route to engineer topological superconductivity. Recently, the higher-order TI WTe$_2$ was shown to turn superconducting when placed on palladium (Pd) bottom contacts, demonstrating a promising material system in pursuing this goal. Here, we report the diffusion of Pd into WTe$_2$ and the formation of superconducting PdTe$_x$ as the origin of observed superconductivity. We find an atomically sharp interface in vertical direction to the van der Waals layers between the diffusion crystal and its host crystal, forming state-of-the-art superconducting contacts to a TI. The diffusion is discovered to be non-uniform along the width of the WTe$_2$ crystal, with a greater extend along the edges compared to the bulk. The potential of this contacting method is highlighted in transport measurements on Josephson junctions by employing external superconducting leads.