Impact of Charge on the Complexity of Static Sphere in $f(R,\textbf{T}^{2})$ Gravity

TL;DR

This study explores how electric charge influences the structural complexity of static, anisotropic spheres in modified gravity, revealing that electromagnetic fields can reduce stellar complexity.

Contribution

It introduces a new complexity factor for charged anisotropic spheres in $f(R, T^2)$ gravity and analyzes conditions for zero complexity in such systems.

Findings

Electromagnetic fields decrease stellar complexity.

Zero complexity condition leads to specific static solutions.

Modified gravity affects the structure and mass distribution of stars.

Abstract

This paper investigates the complexity of a charged static sphere filled with anisotropic matter in the background of energy-momentum squared gravity. For this purpose, we evaluate the modified field and conservation equations to determine the structure of celestial system. The mass function is calculated through Misner-Sharp as well as Tolman mass definitions. The complexity of a self-gravitating system depends on different factors such as anisotropic pressure, electromagnetic field, energy density inhomogeneity, etc. We formulate the structure scalars by the orthogonal decomposition of the Riemann tensor to develop a complexity factor containing all vital features of the stellar structure. The vanishing complexity condition is achieved by setting the complexity factor equal to zero. Finally, we construct two static solutions by utilizing the energy density of Gokhroo-Mehra solution as well as the polytropic equation of state along with the zero complexity condition. It is found that electromagnetic field decreases the complexity of stellar structure.