The forward-backward asymmetry in the electron positron annihilation process at twist-4

TL;DR

This paper calculates the forward-backward asymmetry in electron-positron annihilation at twist-4, providing insights into electroweak and strong interactions through vector meson production analysis.

Contribution

It introduces a twist-4 collinear expansion approach to analyze the forward-backward asymmetry at the hadronic level in electron-positron annihilation.

Findings

Provides a method to analyze electroweak interactions at twist-4

Offers a way to test strong interaction models

Enhances understanding of parton fragmentation functions

Abstract

A quantity of particular experimental interest is the forward-backward asymmetry in the angular distribution of positively and negatively charged fermions produced in $Z^0$ decays. Measurements of this asymmetry can enable independent determinations of the neutral-current couplings of these fermions, i.e. the $Z^0$ boson couplings for left- and right-handed fermions, respectively. Due to the quark confinement, however, it is difficult to determine the electroweak interactions of quarks, especially for light quarks. In the hadron production electron positron annihilation process, the parton model with factorization theorem gives a reliable approximate description. Quantities are thus expressed in terms of fragmentation functions in the annihilation process. In this paper, we consider the vector meson production in the inclusive electron positron annihilation process and calculate the forward-backward asymmetry in the hadronic level. Calculations are carried out by applying the collinear expansion in the parton model at leading order twist-4. We note here this process provides not only a tool for analyzing the hadronic weak interactions but also an opportunity for understanding the parton model of the strong interaction. In other words, the results can be used to test the electroweak and strong interactions simultaneously.