Strongly Bound Dibaryon with Maximal Beauty Flavor from Lattice QCD

TL;DR

This study uses advanced lattice QCD techniques to discover a deeply bound dibaryon composed of six bottom quarks, providing the first evidence of such a state with maximal beauty flavor.

Contribution

It presents the first lattice QCD evidence for a deeply bound bottom-flavored dibaryon, expanding understanding of heavy quark interactions in QCD.

Findings

Deeply bound $ ext{Ω}_{bbb}$-$ ext{Ω}_{bbb}$ dibaryon identified

Binding energy measured at approximately -81 MeV

Coulomb repulsion minimally affects the strong binding

Abstract

We report the first lattice QCD study of the heavy dibaryons in which all six quarks have the bottom (beauty) flavor. Performing a state-of-the-art lattice QCD calculation we find clear evidence for a deeply bound $\Omega_{bbb}$-$\Omega_{bbb}$ dibaryon in the $^1S_0$ channel, as a pole singularity in the $S$-wave $\Omega_{bbb}$-$\Omega_{bbb}$ scattering amplitude with a binding energy $-81(_{-16}^{+14})$ MeV. With such a deep binding, Coulomb repulsion serves only as a perturbation on the ground state wave function of the parameterized strong potential and may shift the strong binding only by a few percent. Considering the scalar channel to be the most bound for single flavored dibaryons, we conclude this state is the heaviest possible most deeply bound dibaryon in the visible universe.