Quantum secure dialogue with quantum encryption

TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum dialogue protocol that employs quantum encryption sharing with EPR pairs to prevent information leakage, achieving high efficiency and practical implementation with single-photon measurements.

Contribution

It proposes a novel quantum encryption sharing method for secure quantum dialogue, eliminating the need for public state announcement and significantly reducing information leakage.

Findings

Nearly 100% information-theoretical efficiency

Uses only single-photon measurements

High practicality for implementation

Abstract

How to solve the information leakage problem has become the research focus of quantum dialogue. In this paper, in order to overcome the information leakage problem in quantum dialogue, a novel approach for sharing the initial quantum state privately between communicators, i.e., quantum encryption sharing, is proposed by utilizing the idea of quantum encryption. The proposed protocol uses EPR pairs as the private quantum key to encrypt and decrypt the traveling photons, which can be repeatedly used after rotation. Due to quantum encryption sharing, the public announcement on the state of the initial quantum state is omitted, thus the information leakage problem is overcome. The information-theoretical efficiency of the proposed protocol is nearly 100%, much higher than previous information leakage resistant quantum dialogue protocols. Moreover, the proposed protocol only needs single-photon measurements and nearly uses single photons as quantum resource so that it is convenient to implement in practice.