QCD equation of state with Tsallis statistics for heavy-ion collisions

TL;DR

This paper develops a QCD equation of state using Tsallis nonextensive statistics, incorporating thermodynamic constraints, and applies it to hydrodynamic models of heavy-ion collisions, successfully describing particle spectra at LHC energies.

Contribution

It introduces a novel QCD equation of state based on Tsallis statistics and adapts hydrodynamic modeling for high-energy nuclear collisions.

Findings

Model describes charged particle spectra up to 6-8 GeV

Thermodynamic constraints limit the q-parameter

Elliptic flow results suggest narrower applicability

Abstract

Nonextensive statistics has attracted attention as a description of particle spectra in nuclear collisions at QCD energies. First, we construct the equation of state by incorporating Tsallis statistics based on the hadron resonance gas and parton gas models. Thermodynamic conditions are found to impose constraints on the $q$-parameter of Tsallis distribution. Next, we apply the equation of state to the relativistic hydrodynamic modeling of nuclear collisions. The Cooper-Frye prescription is consistently modified. Numerical demonstrations indicate that the model may describe charged particle spectra at Large Hadron Collider in the transverse momentum range up to 6-8 GeV. Elliptic flow, on the other hand, suggests a narrower range of applicability.