Weak solutions to the equations of stationary compressible flows in active liquid crystals

TL;DR

This paper proves the existence of weak solutions for stationary compressible flow equations in active liquid crystals, addressing lower regularity and strong coupling challenges with novel mathematical techniques.

Contribution

It introduces new methods to establish weak solutions for the coupled system of equations in active liquid crystals, valid for all adiabatic exponents greater than one.

Findings

Existence of weak solutions for all γ > 1.

Development of novel techniques for lower regularity solutions.

Handling strong coupling with Moser-type iteration.

Abstract

The equations of stationary compressible flows of active liquid crystals are considered in a bounded three-dimensional domain. The system consists of the stationary Navier-Stokes equations coupled with the equation of Q-tensors and the equation of the active particles. The existence of weak solutions to the stationary problem is established through a two-level approximation scheme, compactness estimates and weak convergence arguments. Novel techniques are developed to overcome the difficulties due to the lower regularity of stationary solutions, a Moser-type iteration is used to deal with the strong coupling of active particles and fluids, and some weighted estimates on the energy functions are achieved so that the weak solutions can be constructed for all values of the adiabatic exponent $\gamma>1$.