Bose-Einstein Condensate dark matter models in the presence of baryonic matter and random confining potentials

TL;DR

This paper investigates how random potentials and baryonic matter influence Bose-Einstein Condensate dark matter halos, deriving density profiles and testing predictions against galaxy rotation data, suggesting a potential solution to the core/cusp problem.

Contribution

It introduces a new model incorporating disorder and baryonic effects into BEC dark matter halos and validates it with observational galaxy rotation curves.

Findings

The model fits well with 39 galaxy rotation curves from SPARC.

Inclusion of disorder and baryonic matter improves the core/cusp problem solution.

Estimated parameters align with astrophysical observations.

Abstract

We consider the effects of an uncorrelated random potential on the properties of Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) dark matter halos, which acts as a source of disorder, and which is added as a new term in the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, describing the properties of the halo. By using the hydrodynamic representation we derive the basic equation describing the density distribution of the galactic dark matter halo, by also taking into account the effects of the baryonic matter, and of the rotation. The density, mass and tangential velocity profiles are obtained exactly in spherical symmetry by considering a simple exponential density profile for the baryonic matter, and a Gaussian type disorder potential. To test the theoretical model we compare its predictions with a set of 39 galaxies from the Spitzer Photometry \& Accurate Rotation Curves (SPARC) database. We obtain estimates of the relevant astrophysical parameters of the dark matter dominated galaxies, including the baryonic matter properties, and the parameters of the random potential. The BEC model in the presence of baryonic matter and a random confining potential gives a good statistical description of the SPARC data. The presence of the condensate dark matter could also provide a solution for the core/cusp problem.