Robust initial orbit determination for short-arc Doppler radar observations

TL;DR

This paper introduces a robust initial orbit determination algorithm for short-arc Doppler radar data that incorporates uncertainty quantification using Differential Algebra, improving accuracy and robustness over existing methods.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel orbit determination method combining Gauss' and Lambert's solutions within a Differential Algebra framework, enabling uncertainty analysis and better handling of short-arc data.

Findings

The new method outperforms the Doppler integration approach in accuracy.

It demonstrates robustness with both simulated and real data.

The approach effectively manages data association challenges.

Abstract

A new Doppler radar initial orbit determination algorithm with embedded uncertainty quantification capabilities is presented. The method is based on a combination of Gauss' and Lambert's solvers. The whole process is carried out in the Differential Algebra framework, which provides the Taylor expansion of the state estimate with respect to the measurements' uncertainties. This feature makes the approach particularly suited for handling data association problems. A comparison with the Doppler integration method is performed using both simulated and real data. The proposed approach is shown to be more accurate and robust, and particularly suited for short-arc observations.